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Phallus hadriani
''Phallus hadriani'', commonly known as the dune stinkhorn, is a species of fungus in the Phallaceae (stinkhorn) family. It is a widely distributed species, and is native to Asia, Europe, and North America. In Australia, it is probably an introduced species. The stalk of the fruit body reaches up to tall by thick, and is spongy, fragile, and hollow. At the top of the stem is a ridged and pitted, thimble-like cap over which is spread olive-colored spore slime (gleba). Shortly after emerging, the gleba liquefies and releases a fetid odor that attracts insects, which help disperse the spores. Said to be edible in its immature egg-like stage, it typically grows in public lawns, yards and gardens, usually in sandy soils. ''Phallus hadriani'' may be distinguished from the similar ''P. impudicus'' (the common stinkhorn) by the presence of a pink or violet-colored volva at the base of the stem, and by differences in odor.
==Taxonomy==
The species was first described scientifically by the French botanist Étienne Pierre Ventenat in 1798,〔 and sanctioned by Christiaan Hendrik Persoon under that name in his 1801 ''Synopsis Methodica Fungorum''.〔 Christian Gottfried Daniel Nees von Esenbeck called the species ''Hymenophallus hadriani'' in 1817;〔 this name is a synonym.〔 According to the taxonomical database Index Fungorum, additional synonyms include: ''Phallus iosmus'', named by Berkeley in 1836; ''Phallus imperialis'', Schulzer, 1873; ''Ithyphallus impudicus'' var. ''imperialis'' and ''Ithyphallus impudicus'' var. ''iosmos'', De Toni, date unknown.〔
The specific epithet ''hadriani'' is named after the Dutch botanist Hadrianus Junius (1512–1575),〔 who wrote a pamphlet on stinkhorn mushrooms in 1564 (''Phalli, ex fungorum genere, in Hollandiae'').〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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